What is a key difference between criterion-referenced scoring and norm-referenced scoring?

Criterion-referenced scoring measures progress towards a specific criteria, which distinguishes it from norm-referenced scoring. In criterion-referenced assessments, the focus is on whether students meet predetermined standards or learning objectives, rather than comparing their performance to that of their peers. This type of scoring provides insights into an individual’s mastery of specific skills or knowledge, which can inform further instruction and individualized learning plans.

In contrast, norm-referenced scoring evaluates a student's performance relative to a group, using percentile rankings to determine how they compare to others. The emphasis here is on ranking students rather than meeting set criteria, which can lead to a different understanding of student achievement and progress. As a result, criterion-referenced scoring is particularly beneficial in educational settings where specific learning outcomes are the goal.